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Reed canary grass and other plants – exploring similar species and their characteristics

When it comes to identifying grass plants, especially those that grow in crops or as weeds, it’s important to be able to distinguish between different species. One common grass that can be mistaken for others is reed canary grass. This type of grass, known for its tall and sturdy reeds, is often confused with similar species.

One of the main challenges in identifying reed canary grass is its resemblance to other canary grass species. These plants share similar characteristics, such as long leaves and the ability to grow in wet areas. However, there are certain key differences that can help differentiate them.

One way to identify reed canary grass is by looking at its reeds. They are usually thicker and more robust than those of other canary grass species. Additionally, reed canary grass often has a reddish tint to its reeds, which is not commonly seen in other species.

Another distinguishing feature of reed canary grass is its growth habit. While other canary grass species tend to grow in clumps, reed canary grass has a more spreading growth habit. Its rhizomes allow it to form dense stands in wet areas, which can be a nuisance for farmers and gardeners.

By paying attention to these subtle differences and using tools such as field guides or online resources, it is possible to confidently identify reed canary grass and distinguish it from similar grass species. Knowing how to identify this invasive grass can help in managing its spread and protecting our crops and natural habitats.

The Importance of Identifying Similar Species

When it comes to crops and grasses, it’s important to be able to identify and differentiate between similar species. In particular, it is crucial to be able to distinguish reed canary grass from other plants, including weeds and invasive species.

Preventing Crop Contamination

Identifying similar species is essential in preventing crop contamination. Reed canary grass, for example, is a common grass that is grown for forage and erosion control. However, if it were to be contaminated with a similar-looking, but undesired grass, it could negatively impact the quality of the crops and result in economic losses for farmers.

Protecting Natural Habitats

Being able to identify similar species is also important for protecting natural habitats. Reed canary grass, while beneficial in certain environments, can become invasive and outcompete native plants if not properly managed. By accurately identifying and monitoring similar species, land managers and conservationists can take necessary measures to prevent the spread of invasive plants and preserve the biodiversity of natural habitats.

Effective Weed Control

One of the challenges in managing crops and grasslands is dealing with weed infestations. Many weeds closely resemble desirable plants, making it difficult to effectively control them. By being able to identify similar species, farmers and gardeners can implement targeted weed control strategies to minimize the negative impact of these unwanted plants on crop yield and quality.

In conclusion, the ability to identify and differentiate between similar species is crucial in various contexts, including crop management, habitat conservation, and weed control. Proper identification ensures the successful cultivation of crops, the protection of natural habitats, and the effective management of weeds and invasive species.

Characteristics of Reed Canary Grass

Reed canary grass (Phalaris arundinacea) is a unique and invasive species that is often mistaken for other similar plants or crops. It is important to be able to identify reed canary grass to prevent its spread and to avoid confusion with other plants.

Reed canary grass has several distinguishing characteristics that set it apart from other species. First, it has long, narrow leaves that are typically light green in color. The leaves may have a slightly rough texture and can grow up to 3 feet in length. The stems of reed canary grass are hollow and can reach heights of up to 8 feet.

One of the key features of reed canary grass is its distinctive seed head. The seed head is typically compact and cylindrical, with a slightly fluffy appearance. The seeds themselves are small and round, with a yellowish hue. These seed heads can persist through the winter, giving reed canary grass a visual presence even in the colder months.

Reed canary grass is known for its invasive nature and ability to outcompete other plants. It forms dense stands and can quickly take over an area, crowding out native vegetation. This can have negative impacts on biodiversity and ecosystem health.

Furthermore, reed canary grass is often difficult to control once it becomes established. It has a robust rhizome system that allows it to spread rapidly and regenerate from fragments. This makes eradication efforts challenging and often requires a combination of mechanical, chemical, and cultural control methods.

It is important to properly identify reed canary grass to avoid confusing it with other plants or crops. This will help ensure appropriate management strategies are implemented and prevent the unintentional spread of this invasive species.

Similar Species to Reed Canary Grass

When identifying reed canary grass, it is important to be aware of similar species that may be mistaken for it. These similar species include:

1. Other Reed Species

There are several other species of reed that look similar to reed canary grass. These include common reed (Phragmites australis) and giant reed (Arundo donax). Like reed canary grass, these species are tall and have long, cylindrical stems. However, they can be distinguished by their growth habits and ecological preferences.

2. Weeds

There are also several weed species that can resemble reed canary grass. Some examples include foxtail (Setaria spp.), barnyard grass (Echinochloa spp.), and quackgrass (Elytrigia repens). These weeds can be differentiated by their leaf shape and growth patterns.

It is important to correctly identify these similar species to prevent confusion and ensure the proper management of crops and plants.

Kentucky Bluegrass

Kentucky Bluegrass is a species of grass commonly found in North America. It is often used as a turfgrass in lawns, parks, and athletic fields due to its dense growth and ability to withstand heavy foot traffic. While Kentucky Bluegrass is not considered a weed itself, it can become invasive if not properly managed.

One of the distinguishing characteristics of Kentucky Bluegrass is its canary yellow flowers, which appear in early summer. These flowers can help differentiate Kentucky Bluegrass from other similar grass species. Additionally, Kentucky Bluegrass has narrow leaves that are arranged in a distinctive V-shape.

Kentucky Bluegrass is commonly mistaken for other weed species, such as reed canary grass and certain types of weedy grasses. However, there are several key differences that can help identify Kentucky Bluegrass. Unlike reed canary grass, Kentucky Bluegrass has a more upright growth habit and does not form dense stands like reed canary grass does. In addition, Kentucky Bluegrass has a finer texture and shorter stature compared to many weedy grasses.

It is important to correctly identify Kentucky Bluegrass and other similar species as they can have different maintenance requirements and impacts on crops or other desired plants. This can help in designing effective weed management strategies and maintaining healthy landscapes.

Characteristic Kentucky Bluegrass Reed Canary Grass Weedy Grasses
Growth Habit Upright Spreading, forms dense stands Varies
Leaf Shape Narrow, V-shaped Wide, flat Varies
Texture Finer Coarser Varies

Tall Fescue

Tall Fescue (Festuca arundinacea) is a type of grass that is commonly found in pastures, lawns, and roadsides. Although it is often used as a forage crop and has many beneficial qualities, it can also be invasive and compete with native plants for resources.

Similar to reed canary grass (Phalaris arundinacea), tall fescue forms dense clumps and has a similar appearance. However, there are some key differences that can help differentiate between the two species. Unlike reed canary grass, tall fescue has a broader leaf blade and a more upright growth habit. Additionally, tall fescue tends to have a bunching growth habit, while reed canary grass spreads by rhizomes and can form thick mats of vegetation.

Invasive Potential

Tall fescue is known for its invasive nature, especially when it escapes from cultivation and begins to invade natural areas. Its aggressive growth can outcompete native plants and reduce biodiversity. Additionally, tall fescue can negatively affect wildlife habitat and disrupt ecosystem functions, such as nutrient cycling and water infiltration.

Control and Management

Controlling and managing tall fescue can be challenging. One approach is to mow or graze the grass to reduce its vigor and prevent it from producing viable seeds. However, this method may not completely eliminate the plant and may require repeated efforts over several seasons.

Herbicide application can also be used to control tall fescue, but it is important to carefully follow the instructions and select a herbicide that is effective against this species. It is recommended to consult with a local agricultural extension office or professional for guidance on the best control methods for your specific situation.

In conclusion, while tall fescue has its uses as a forage crop, it can become invasive and compete with native plants if not managed properly. It is important to be able to identify tall fescue and distinguish it from similar grasses like reed canary grass in order to effectively control and manage these weeds.

Orchard Grass

Orchard grass (Dactylis glomerata) is a species of grass that is commonly found in orchards and grassy fields. Unlike reed canary grass, orchard grass is not classified as an invasive species. It is often used as a forage crop for grazing animals and is known for its high nutritional value.

Orchard grass has long, flat leaves that are rough to the touch and can grow up to two feet tall. It forms dense clumps and spreads through seed dispersion, but it does not have the aggressive growth habits of invasive species like reed canary grass.

One of the key differences between orchard grass and reed canary grass is their growth patterns. While reed canary grass can quickly take over an area and outcompete other plants, orchard grass tends to coexist with other grasses and plants in a more balanced manner.

Another difference is the impact on crops and native plants. Reed canary grass is notorious for crowding out native plants and causing damage to agricultural crops, whereas orchard grass does not pose the same threat.

Although orchard grass can be found in untended areas and can occasionally become weedy, it is generally not a major problem and is often valued as a forage plant. Its soft and palatable leaves make it a favorite among livestock, and it is commonly used in pastures and hay fields.

In conclusion, while reed canary grass is an invasive species that can cause significant harm to ecosystems, orchard grass is a valuable forage crop that is not known for its invasive tendencies. Understanding the differences between these two species is important for farmers, land managers, and anyone interested in identifying and managing grasses in their area.

Timothy

Timothy (Phleum pratense) is a perennial grass species that is native to Europe, Asia, and North Africa. It is a common grass species and is often cultivated as a forage crop for livestock. Unlike reed canary grass, timothy is not considered invasive and is known for its high quality forage.

Timothy grass is similar to reed canary grass in appearance, with long, narrow leaves and a tall, upright growth habit. However, there are several key differences that can help to distinguish between the two species:

  1. Height: Reed canary grass can grow much taller than timothy, reaching heights of up to 6 feet, while timothy typically grows to a height of 2-4 feet.
  2. Habitat: Reed canary grass is often found in wetland areas, such as marshes and ditches, while timothy grass is typically found in drier, upland areas.
  3. Tolerance to flooding: Reed canary grass is highly tolerant to flooding, while timothy grass is less tolerant and may suffer damage or die in flooded conditions.
  4. Forage quality: Reed canary grass is generally considered to have lower forage quality compared to timothy grass. Timothy grass is known for its high protein and digestibility, making it an ideal forage crop for livestock.
  5. Management: Reed canary grass is often difficult to control once established, as it can spread rapidly and outcompete other plant species. Timothy grass, on the other hand, is typically easier to manage and does not pose the same invasive threat.

While both reed canary grass and timothy grass are types of perennial grasses, they have distinct characteristics and uses. Understanding the differences between these species can help in identifying and managing invasive reed canary grass and choosing the appropriate grass species for different purposes.

Smooth Bromegrass

Smooth bromegrass (Bromus inermis) is a common weed that is often mistaken for reed canary grass. While both species are invasive plants and can be found in similar habitats, there are distinct differences between the two.

Identification

Smooth bromegrass has a similar appearance to reed canary grass, with tall and slender stems that can reach up to 3 feet in height. However, its leaves are narrower and have a smoother texture, hence the name “smooth” bromegrass. The seed heads of smooth bromegrass are also different, forming large, open clusters with drooping awns.

Habitat

Smooth bromegrass is commonly found in pastures, meadows, and roadsides, and can tolerate a wide range of soil conditions. It is often used in agriculture as a forage grass, but it can become weedy and invasive if it escapes cultivation.

Characteristics Reed canary grass Smooth bromegrass
Leaf shape Wide, coarse Narrow, smooth
Seed head Tightly packed, upright Large, open, drooping awns
Habitat Wetlands, disturbed areas Pastures, meadows, roadsides

If you come across smooth bromegrass, it is important to properly identify it to prevent its spread and control its invasive potential. Consulting with a local plant expert or agricultural extension office can help in correctly identifying and managing this weed.

Quackgrass

Quackgrass (Elymus repens) is a perennial grass species that is often considered invasive. It belongs to the same grass family as reed canary grass (Phalaris arundinacea) and can be easily mistaken for it due to their similar appearance. However, there are some differences between these two species that can help in their identification.

Appearance

Quackgrass has long, narrow leaves that are flat and rough to the touch. The leaf blades usually have a bluish-green color and are tapered at the tips. The stems are hollow and can reach a height of up to 4 feet. The plant produces rhizomes, which are underground stems that can spread rapidly and give rise to new plants.

Distinguishing Characteristics

While quackgrass and reed canary grass may look similar, there are a few characteristics that can help differentiate between them. Quackgrass tends to have more upright stems compared to reed canary grass, which often has a spreading growth habit. Additionally, quackgrass has a more aggressive and invasive nature, often outcompeting crops and native plants in agricultural and natural areas.

Quackgrass (Elymus repens) Reed Canary Grass (Phalaris arundinacea)
Often invasive Can be invasive in certain regions
Upright growth habit Spreading growth habit
Bluish-green leaves Light green leaves
Rapid spread through rhizomes Rhizomes present but less aggressive

It is important to correctly identify and manage these grass species, as they can quickly become problematic weeds in various settings. Knowing the distinguishing characteristics can help in effective control and prevention strategies.

Canadian Bluegrass

Canadian Bluegrass (Poa canadensis) is a species of grass that is similar to reed canary grass (Phalaris arundinacea). Both species are perennial, cool-season grasses that are commonly found in wetlands and along waterways. However, there are several key differences that can help distinguish between the two.

Physical Characteristics

One key difference between Canadian Bluegrass and reed canary grass is their physical appearance. Canadian Bluegrass has a more slender and fine-textured appearance compared to the coarse, clumping growth habit of reed canary grass. The leaves of Canadian Bluegrass are also narrower and have a bluish-green color, hence the name “bluegrass.”

Ecological Impact

While reed canary grass is considered an invasive species that can outcompete native plants and disrupt natural ecosystems, Canadian Bluegrass is not typically as problematic. Although it can form dense stands and compete with other crops or plant species, it is generally less aggressive than reed canary grass.

Despite these differences, it is still important to correctly identify Canadian Bluegrass and reed canary grass to ensure appropriate management practices. This can be done by closely examining the physical characteristics and consulting with experts or using specialized identification guides.

Canadian Bluegrass (Poa canadensis) Reed Canary Grass (Phalaris arundinacea)
Slender and fine-textured appearance Coarse, clumping growth habit
Narrow leaves with a bluish-green color Broader leaves with a yellowish-green color
Generally less aggressive and invasive Considered an invasive species

Creeping Bentgrass

Creeping Bentgrass is a species of invasive grass that is often mistaken for reed canary grass. Although they may look similar, there are some key differences between the two plants.

Unlike reed canary grass, creeping bentgrass is not considered a weed and is commonly used in golf courses and lawns. It is an excellent turfgrass and is known for its fine texture and dense growth habit.

Creeping bentgrass can be easily identified by its creeping growth pattern, hence the name. It forms dense mats with stolons that spread above the ground and roots that penetrate deep into the soil.

Unlike reed canary grass, creeping bentgrass does not have large plume-like seed heads and its leaves are narrow and flat. Additionally, creeping bentgrass is more tolerant of close mowing and is commonly found in heavily maintained areas.

It is important to correctly identify creeping bentgrass in order to effectively manage it, especially in agricultural and natural areas where it can become invasive and outcompete native species. Proper identification can help prevent its spread and minimize its impact on crops and natural habitats.

In conclusion, while reed canary grass and creeping bentgrass may look similar at first glance, they are two different species with distinct characteristics. Understanding these differences is crucial in managing these plants and preventing the spread of invasive species.

Perennial Ryegrass

Perennial ryegrass (Lolium perenne) is a cool-season grass commonly found in pastures and lawns. It is similar in appearance to reed canary grass, but there are some key differences that can help you identify them.

Perennial ryegrass is a popular choice for turfgrass in many regions due to its ability to establish quickly and tolerate heavy traffic. It is commonly used in athletic fields, golf courses, and residential lawns.

One of the main differences between perennial ryegrass and reed canary grass is their growth habit. Perennial ryegrass forms dense, tufted clumps and has a bunch-type growth pattern, while reed canary grass grows in large, spreading clumps and has a more invasive growth habit.

Another distinguishing feature is the appearance of their seed heads. Perennial ryegrass has a compact seed head with multiple spikelets, while reed canary grass has an open seed head with many branches.

When comparing the leaves of these two grasses, you’ll notice that perennial ryegrass has flat, hair-like leaves that are smooth to the touch. On the other hand, reed canary grass has broader leaves with rough edges.

It’s important to correctly identify these grasses because reed canary grass is considered an invasive weed in many areas. It can quickly take over native habitats and outcompete other plants and crops.

If you come across a grass that you suspect to be reed canary grass, it’s important to take appropriate measures to control its spread. This may include manual removal, herbicide application, or implementing management practices to prevent its further spread.

Knowing how to identify perennial ryegrass and differentiate it from similar grasses and weeds, such as reed canary grass, will help you make informed decisions when it comes to managing your lawns, pastures, and other green spaces.

Meadow Fescue

Meadow Fescue, or Festuca pratensis, is a grass species that is similar to Reed Canary Grass in appearance. It is a cool-season grass that typically grows in meadows and pastures. Like Reed Canary Grass, Meadow Fescue has long, flat leaves and grows in clumps or tufts. However, there are some key differences that can help distinguish the two species.

Physical Characteristics

Unlike Reed Canary Grass, the stems of Meadow Fescue are slender and erect, reaching heights of up to 3 feet. The blades of the leaves are usually a bright green color and have a glossy appearance. Additionally, the leaf edges of Meadow Fescue are smooth, while Reed Canary Grass has rough leaf edges.

Ecological Impact

While Reed Canary Grass is known for being an invasive species that can outcompete native plants, Meadow Fescue is generally not considered invasive. It can be found in many areas of North America, Europe, and Asia and is often used for grazing and hay production. However, it can potentially become a weed in agricultural crops if not managed properly.

In conclusion, while Meadow Fescue and Reed Canary Grass may have similar appearances, there are distinct differences in their physical characteristics and ecological impact. Proper identification is important to ensure that the right measures are taken to manage these grass species effectively.

Italian Ryegrass

Italian Ryegrass is a common weed that is often mistaken for reed canary grass due to their similar appearance. However, Italian Ryegrass is not an invasive species like canary grass. It is a cultivated grass species that is commonly used as a forage crop.

Italian Ryegrass, also known as Lolium multiflorum, is a cool-season grass that is native to Europe. It has tufted or short creeping perennial forms and is known for its ability to establish quickly and produce high biomass. This makes it a popular choice for farmers looking to improve their pasture or hay fields.

The leaves of Italian Ryegrass are dark green in color and have a glossy texture. They are long and narrow with a ribbed surface. The stems are erect and can reach heights of up to 90 cm. The plant produces spike-like flower heads that contain numerous florets.

One of the main differences between Italian Ryegrass and reed canary grass is their growth habit. While canary grass forms dense mats of vegetation that can choke out other plants, Italian Ryegrass has a more open growth habit and does not spread aggressively. Additionally, Italian Ryegrass does not have the invasive tendencies of reed canary grass, making it a safer option for planting.

Italian Ryegrass is often used as a cover crop or as a component of grass seed mixes. Its fast establishment and ability to produce large amounts of biomass can help control erosion and provide a temporary source of forage or hay. However, it is important to manage Italian Ryegrass carefully to prevent it from becoming invasive and outcompeting native plant species.

In conclusion, Italian Ryegrass is a cultivated grass species that is similar in appearance to reed canary grass. However, unlike canary grass, Italian Ryegrass is not an invasive species and is commonly used for forage and hay production. Proper management is essential to prevent Italian Ryegrass from spreading and outcompeting native plant species.

Redtop

Redtop (Agrostis gigantea) is a species of grass that is commonly found in agricultural crops and disturbed areas. It is considered an invasive species in some regions due to its ability to outcompete native plants and form dense stands.

Redtop is often confused with reed canary grass (Phalaris arundinacea) due to their similar appearance. Both species have tall, erect stems and feathery inflorescences, but there are key differences that can help distinguish them.

One of the main differences between redtop and reed canary grass is the presence of hairs on the leaves. Redtop has hairy leaves, while reed canary grass has smooth leaves. This can be observed by running your fingers along the leaf blades.

Another distinguishing characteristic is the color of the inflorescences. Redtop has reddish to purplish inflorescences, while reed canary grass has greenish inflorescences. This can be useful for identifying the two species, especially when they are not in bloom.

It is important to correctly identify redtop and reed canary grass as they can both be difficult to manage. Both species are considered weeds and can quickly spread and establish in agricultural fields and natural areas.

In conclusion, redtop is an invasive species that is often confused with reed canary grass. However, by examining the presence of hairs on the leaves and the color of the inflorescences, these two similar species can be distinguished. Proper identification is important for effective control and management of these invasive plants.

Poa trivialis

Poa trivialis is a species of grass that is similar to reed canary grass. It is also known as rough bluegrass or rough-stalked meadow grass. While reed canary grass is often found in wetland areas, Poa trivialis is typically found in drier habitats such as lawns and pastures.

Like reed canary grass, Poa trivialis is an invasive species that can outcompete native plants and crops. It forms dense mats of vegetation, which can smother other plant species and limit biodiversity. These mats can also interfere with agricultural activities, making it difficult to grow desired crops.

One way to distinguish Poa trivialis from reed canary grass is by looking at the leaves. While reed canary grass has wide, flat leaves, the leaves of Poa trivialis are narrower and have a rough texture. Additionally, Poa trivialis has a more upright growth habit compared to the sprawling growth habit of reed canary grass.

To effectively manage the spread of Poa trivialis and other invasive grass species, it is important to be able to accurately identify them and implement appropriate control measures. This may involve using herbicides, mechanical removal, or promoting the growth of native plant species to outcompete invasive weeds like Poa trivialis and reed canary grass.

Annual Ryegrass

Annual Ryegrass is a species of grass that is often mistaken for reed canary grass due to their similar appearance. However, there are several key differences between the two species.

While both species are grasses, annual ryegrass is an annual plant, meaning it completes its life cycle in one year, while reed canary grass is a perennial plant, living for more than two years. This difference in life cycle can be an important factor when managing these plants as weeds or invasive species.

Another difference is the growth habit of these grasses. Reed canary grass forms dense, upright clumps, while annual ryegrass has a more spreading growth habit.

In terms of appearance, reed canary grass has long, narrow leaves with a rough texture. The leaves are typically blue-green in color. On the other hand, annual ryegrass has bright green, narrow leaves with a smooth texture.

These grasses can also differ in their preferred habitats. Reed canary grass is often found in wetland areas, while annual ryegrass can be found in a variety of habitats, including fields, meadows, and lawns.

Finally, the impact of these grasses on crops is another factor to consider. Reed canary grass is known to be invasive and can compete with crops for nutrients and water. Annual ryegrass, while it can sometimes be considered a weed, is not as aggressive as reed canary grass in terms of its impact on crops.

In conclusion, although annual ryegrass and reed canary grass may share some similarities in appearance, there are several key differences that can aid in their identification. Understanding the characteristics of these species is essential for effective weed and invasive species management.

Slender Wheatgrass

Slender Wheatgrass (Elymus trachycaulus) is a native grass species that can be found in North America. Unlike reed canary grass, which is an invasive species, slender wheatgrass is a desirable grass for crops and pastures.

Slender wheatgrass has narrow leaves and a slender stem, which distinguishes it from the broader leaves and thicker stems of reed canary grass. This grass species is commonly used for forage and erosion control, as it has a fibrous root system that helps stabilize soil.

While slender wheatgrass is a beneficial plant, it is important to be able to identify it correctly and distinguish it from other similar grasses. Some grasses, such as invasive weeds, can look similar to slender wheatgrass, but have negative impacts on ecosystems and agricultural areas.

By learning to identify slender wheatgrass and other similar plants, such as reed canary grass, farmers and land managers can make informed decisions about which species to cultivate or control in their fields and pastures.

Question-answer:

What are the main characteristics of reed canary grass?

Reed canary grass, or Phalaris arundinacea, is a tall perennial grass that can grow up to two meters in height. It has long, flat leaves and a dense, upright growth habit. The plant’s stem is hollow and covered in a waxy coating, which gives it a bluish-green appearance.

How can I identify reed canary grass in the wild?

Reed canary grass is easily identifiable due to its distinctive characteristics. Look for a tall grass with long, flat leaves, a dense, upright growth habit, and a bluish-green stem. It typically grows in wetland areas, such as marshes or along riverbanks.

Are there any similar species that can be mistaken for reed canary grass?

Yes, there are several species that can be mistaken for reed canary grass. One such species is Phragmites australis, or common reed. It also has tall, upright growth habit, but it has a reddish-brown stem and a feathery seed head. Another similar species is giant reed, or Arundo donax, which has thick, bamboo-like stems and large, plume-like seed heads.

What are the ecological impacts of reed canary grass?

Reed canary grass is known to be an invasive species in many areas. It forms dense, monotypic stands that can outcompete native plant species and reduce biodiversity. It can also alter water flow patterns and decrease the quality of wetland habitats. In some cases, reed canary grass can even increase the risk of flooding.

How can I control and manage reed canary grass in my area?

There are several methods for controlling and managing reed canary grass. These include mechanical methods, such as mowing or cutting the grass, as well as chemical methods, such as herbicide application. In some cases, prescribed burning can also be used to control reed canary grass. It’s important to consult with local experts or authorities to determine the most effective method for your specific area.